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Lopinavir + Ritonavir

  • Medicine name- Lopimune
  • API- Lopinavir + Ritonavir
  • Pack Size- Bottle of 60 tablets
  • Strength- Ritonavir (50mg) + Lopinavir (200mg)
  • Marketed By: Cipla Ltd
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Description

Lopinavir + Ritonavir tablets is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and pediatric patients (14 days and older).

Dosage and Side Effects

Capsules: Must be taken with food.

Do not use once daily administration of Lopinavir and Ritonavir in: 

  • HIV-1 infected patients with three or more of the following lopinavir resistance-associated substitutions: L10F/I/R/V, K20M/N/R, L24I, L33F, M36I, I47V, G48V, I54L/T/V, V82A/C/F/S/T, and I84V. 

  • Combination with efavirenz, nevirapine, nelfinavir, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, or phenytoin.

  • Pediatric patients.

Adult Patients:

  • 400/100 mg (three 133/33 mg capsules) twice daily 

  • or 800/200 mg (six 133/33 mg capsules) once daily in patients with less than three lopinavir resistance-associated substitutions.

Pediatric Patients: 

  • Children less than 12 years of age who weigh greater than 40 kg or greater than 12 years of age: 400/100 mg twice daily (three 133/33 mg capsules) twice daily.

  • Children 14 days to 12 years of age who weigh less than 40 kg and in those children who cannot swallow capsules: Refer to the Lopinavir and Ritonavir oral solution full prescribing information for pediatric dosage and administration recommendations.

Concomitant Therapy in Adults and Pediatric Patients: Dose adjustments of Lopinavir and Ritonavir may be needed when co-administering with efavirenz, nevirapine, or nelfinavir.

Commonly reported adverse reactions to Lopinavir and Ritonavir included diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia.

Warning and Precautions

The following have been observed in patients receivingLopinavir and Ritonavir: 

  • Drug Interactions: Higher plasma concentrations of concomitant medications may occur; consider drug-drug interaction potential to reduce risk of serious or life-threatening adverse reactions.
  • Pancreatitis: Fatalities have occurred; suspend therapy as clinically appropriate.
  • Hepatotoxicity: Fatalities have occurred. Monitor liver function before and during therapy, especially in patients with underlying hepatic disease, including hepatitis B and hepatitis C, or marked transaminase elevations.
  • QT interval prolongation and isolated cases of torsade de pointes have been reported although causality could not be established. Avoid use in patients with congenital long QT syndrome, those with hypokalemia, and with other drugs that prolong the QT interval.
  • PR interval prolongation may occur in some patients. Cases of second and third degree heart block have been reported. Use with caution in patients with pre-existing conduction system disease, ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, underlying structural heart disease or when administering with other drugs that may prolong the PR interval. 
  • Patients may develop new onset or exacerbations of diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, immune reconstitution syndrome, redistribution/accumulation of body fat. 
  • Total cholesterol and triglycerides elevations. Monitor prior to therapy and periodically thereafter.
  • Hemophilia: Spontaneous bleeding may occur, and additional factor VIII may be required.

FAQ's

What is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor?

HIV-1, a protease inhibitor, is an antiviral drug that prevents the replication of the virus by selectively binding to viral proteases. It blocks proteolytic cleavage of protein precursors necessary for the production of infectious viral particles.

Is Lopinavir Ritonavir combination can be used after a Needlestick Injury?

Yes, this combined medication can be used for prevention after a needlestick injury or other potential exposure.

Is combination of lopinavir ritonavir used as a first line therapy? 

In 2006, the United States (US) Department of Health and Human Services approved lopinavir/ritonavir as a first-line therapy for HIV.

What kind of medication Lopinavir/Ritonavir is?

Both the medications belong to the HIV protease inhibitors.

What are the ingredients in medicine Lopinavir Ritonavir?

The active ingredients in the medicines are Lopinavir and Ritonavir, and the inactive ingredients are crospovidone, sorbitan monolaurate, colloidal silicon dioxide, and sodium stearyl fumarate.

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