Cotrimoxazole

Packaging- Single-Dose & Multiple-Dose Vials

Strength- 10-mL & 30-mL

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Description

Cotrimoxazole also known as Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, which is a combination of sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide antimicrobial, and trimethoprim, a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor antibacterial, used in adults and pediatric patients aged 2 months and older for treatment of infections caused by designated, susceptible bacteria.

  • Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia
  • Shigellosis
  • Urinary Tract Infections

In order to reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Cotrimoxazole and other antibacterial medicines, Cotrimoxazole should be used only for the treatment or prevention of infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by the susceptible bacteria.

Dosage and Side Effects

The recommended daily dosage of cotrimoxazole injection in adults and pediatric patients (two months of age and older) by indication is as follows:

  • Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia: Total daily dose (based on trimethoprim content) is 15-20 mg/kg (in 3 or 4 equally divided doses), given every 6 to 8 hours for a duration of 14 days.
  • Shigellosis: Total daily dose (based on trimethoprim content) is 8-10 mg/kg (in 2 to 4 equally divided doses) given every 6, 8 or 12 for a duration of 5 days.
  • Severe Urinary Tract Infections: Total daily dose (based on trimethoprim content) is 8-10 mg/kg (in 2 to 4 equally divided doses), given every 6, 8 or 12 hours for a duration of 14 days.

Administer the solution by intravenous infusion over a time-span of 60-90 minutes. Avoid administration of this medication by rapid infusion or bolus injection. Do not administer trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole injection intramuscularly.

The most commonly reported side effects due to Cotrimoxazole include: gastrointestinal disturbances (vomiting, nausea, and anorexia) and allergic skin reactions (such as rash and urticaria).

Warning and Precautions

  • Some epidemiologic assessments suggest that exposure to Cotrimoxazole during pregnancy may be associated with an increased risk of congenital malformations, mainly cardiovascular malformations, urinary tract defects, neural tube defects, oral clefts, and club foot.
  • Cotrimoxazole-induced thrombocytopenia may be an immune-mediated disorder. Serious cases of thrombocytopenia that are life threatening or fatal have occurred. Patients need to be monitored for hematologic toxicity. Thrombocytopenia typically resolves within a week upon interruption of Cotrimoxazole.
  • Avoid use of trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole in patients with impaired renal or hepatic function, in those with probable folate deficiency (e.g., the elderly, chronic alcoholics, patients with malabsorption syndrome, patients receiving anticonvulsant therapy, and patients in malnutrition states) and in those with severe allergies or bronchial asthma.
  • Cases of hypoglycemia in non-diabetic patients treated with Cotrimoxazole have been noted, typically occurring after some days of therapy. Patients with liver disease, renal dysfunction, malnutrition or those receiving high doses of Cotrimoxazole are mainly at risk.
  • Like other medicines containing sulfonamides, Cotrimoxazole can precipitate porphyria crisis and hypothyroidism. Avoid the use of Cotrimoxazole in patients with porphyria or thyroid dysfunction.
  • Local irritation and inflammation because of the extravascular infiltration of the infusion have emerged with trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole injection. If these emerge the infusion should be interrupted and restarted at another site.
  • Complete blood counts (CBC) and clinical chemistry testing should be performed frequently in patients receiving Cotrimoxazole. Perform urinalysis with precise microscopic assessment and renal function tests during therapy, mainly for those with impaired renal function.

FAQ's

What is Cotrimoxazole?

Co-trimoxazole, also named Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, is a fixed-dose combination antibiotic medicine authorized to treat a variety of bacterial infections. 

What is the other name for Cotrimoxazole?

Co-trimoxazole is also known as Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.

How is Cotrimoxazole injection administered?

The proposed dosage of Cotrimoxazole injection should be administered by intravenous infusion. 

What class of medicine is Cotrimoxazole injection?

Cotrimoxazole injection is in a class of medicines called sulfonamides. 

Where can I buy Cotrimoxazole Injections?

You can buy cotrimoxazole injection from any authorized whole-seller after getting a prescription from a qualified doctor. It is always better to check the credential of the wholesaler/supplier/exporter before buying the product.

The buyer should check the existing law in their home country before importing the product.