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Avibactam & Ceftazidime

  • Medicine Name: Zavicefta
  • Active Ingredients: Avibactam + Ceftazidime 
  • Strength: 0.5g of Avibactam and 2g of Ceftazidime
  • Pack Size: 1 Single-dose vial
  • Company:  Pfizer Ltd
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Description

The combination drug consisting of Avibactam and Ceftazidime is used in adults and children (3 months and older) to treat specific infections, such as:

  • Complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI)

  • Complicated urinary tract infections, including kidney infections (cUTI)

  • Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), including ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)

  • Bacterial infections in the bloodstream associated with or suspected to be linked with the mentioned infections.

It’s also employed for treating infections caused by certain bacteria in adults and children (3 months and older) when there are limited treatment options available.

However, it’s important to consider official guidance on the proper use of antibacterial medications before starting treatment with Avibactam and Ceftazidime.

Dosage and Side Effects

  • Dosage Calculation: The dosage for Avibactam and Ceftazidime in children is determined using the Schwartz bedside formula, a method based on a child’s kidney function.

  • Fixed Ratio: Avibactam and Ceftazidime Injection is a combination product with a fixed 4:1 ratio. Dosage recommendations are based on the ceftazidime component only.

  • Age and Kidney Function: There isn’t enough information to recommend a dosage for children under 2 years old with a certain level of kidney function (CrCL < 16 mL/min/1.73 m2).

  • Hepatic Impairment: Patients with liver issues do not need a dosage adjustment.

  • Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness of Avibactam and Ceftazidime haven’t been established in children under 3 months old. There’s no available data for this age group.

Avibactam + Ceftazidime, while effective against infections, poses risks. Hypersensitivity reactions, including severe allergies, may occur, warranting immediate discontinuation. Diarrhea, potential kidney issues, and rare blood-related concerns underline the need for close monitoring and swift medical attention if adverse reactions arise during treatment.

Warning and Precautions

  • Hypersensitivity Reactions: Serious and potentially fatal hypersensitivity reactions are possible with Avibactam and Ceftazidime. If a reaction occurs, discontinue Avibactam + Ceftazidime immediately and initiate emergency measures. Patients with previous reactions to certain antibiotics should be cautiously monitored.

  • Clostridioides difficile Infection: Diarrhea, ranging from mild to severe, has been reported with Avibactam and Ceftazidime. Patients developing diarrhea during or after treatment should be assessed for Clostridioides difficile infection. Discontinuation of Avibactam and Ceftazidime and appropriate treatment should be considered.

  • Renal Impairment: Avibactam and Ceftazidime dosage should be adjusted according to the degree of kidney impairment. Patients with renal issues should be closely monitored to prevent neurological issues.

  • Nephrotoxicity: Concurrent use of certain medications (like aminoglycosides or potent diuretics) with Avibactam and Ceftazidime may negatively impact kidney function.

  • Potential for Haemolytic Anaemia: Avibactam and Ceftazidime use may lead to a positive direct antiglobulin test (Coombs test), which could interfere with blood matching. While the test positivity was common in studies, there was no evidence of blood problems. However, the risk of anemia cannot be ruled out completely.

FAQ's

QWhat should I do if I experience a severe reaction while taking Avibactam + Ceftazidime?

A: If you experience a severe hypersensitivity reaction, such as difficulty breathing, swelling, or a severe rash, discontinue Avibactam + Ceftazidime immediately and seek emergency medical attention. It’s crucial to inform healthcare providers of any known allergies or previous reactions to antibiotics.

Q: How can I tell if diarrhea experienced during or after Avibactam + Ceftazidime treatment is due to a Clostridioides difficile infection?

A: Diarrhea during or following Avibactam + Ceftazidime treatment should be evaluated for Clostridioides difficile infection. It’s essential to notify healthcare providers promptly if diarrhea occurs. If diagnosed, discontinuation of Avibactam + Ceftazidime and appropriate treatment for the infection should be considered to prevent further complications.

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